10 Unique Wildlife Species to Spot on a Uganda Safari

Uganda, often referred to as the Pearl of Africa, is a country blessed with breathtaking landscapes, lush ecosystems, and exceptional biodiversity. From dense tropical rainforests to open savannahs and alpine highlands, Uganda is home to a rich array of wildlife — including species found nowhere else on Earth.

For wildlife lovers and adventurous travelers, a Uganda safari offers more than just lions and elephants. With over 345 mammal species and over 1,000 bird species, Uganda’s parks and reserves are bursting with rare and endemic creatures that make every game drive, forest trek, or boat cruise truly unforgettable.

In this blog, we highlight 10 unique wildlife species you can spot on a safari with Ameera Africa Safaris, and where to find them in Uganda’s diverse landscapes.

1. Mountain Gorilla (Gorilla beringei beringei)

Where to See Them: Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, Mgahinga Gorilla National Park

unique wildlife species in Uganda

Mountain gorillas are Uganda’s most iconic wildlife attraction — and rightly so. With just over 1,000 individuals remaining in the wild, Uganda is one of only three countries where these gentle giants can be seen.

Tracking gorillas in Bwindi or Mgahinga is an awe-inspiring experience. You’ll spend a magical hour observing a habituated family as they feed, groom, and play in the forest — an encounter that’s both humbling and unforgettable.

2. Shoebill Stork (Balaeniceps rex)

Where to See Them: Mabamba Swamp, Murchison Falls National Park, Semuliki National Park

shoebill stork

This prehistoric-looking bird is one of Uganda’s most sought-after species by birdwatchers. Standing over four feet tall with a massive shoe-shaped bill, the shoebill is elusive but can be spotted in swampy habitats.

Uganda is one of the best places in Africa to see this rare bird, especially on a canoe trip through Mabamba Swamp, near Entebbe.

3. Rothschild’s Giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis rothschildi)

Where to See Them: Murchison Falls National Park, Lake Mburo National Park (recently reintroduced)

This subspecies of giraffe is one of the most endangered in the world, but Uganda has played a key role in its conservation. Murchison Falls National Park is home to the largest population of Rothschild’s giraffes in the wild.

Easily recognized by their light-colored coats and lack of markings on the lower legs, these giraffes are a true conservation success story.

4. Uganda Kob (Kobus kob thomasi)

Where to See Them: Queen Elizabeth National Park, Murchison Falls National Park

The Uganda kob is a graceful antelope and the country’s national animal — featured proudly on Uganda’s coat of arms. With their reddish-brown coats and lyre-shaped horns, males often gather in leks to compete for females in an impressive display of strength.

Large herds of Uganda kobs are often seen grazing in open savannahs, particularly in Queen Elizabeth National Park.

5. African Golden Cat (Caracal aurata)

Where to See Them: Kibale Forest National Park, Bwindi, and other forested areas

Rare and elusive, the African golden cat is a little-known wild feline that lives deep in Uganda’s tropical forests. With its secretive habits and nocturnal lifestyle, sightings are extremely rare — but the fact that it’s out there adds to the mystique of Uganda’s forests.

Researchers and camera traps occasionally confirm its presence in Kibale Forest and Bwindi.

6. Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii)

Where to See Them: Kibale National Park, Budongo Forest, Kyambura Gorge, Kalinzu Forest

Uganda is home to several large communities of chimpanzees, our closest living relatives. Chimp tracking is a highlight of any Uganda safari, especially in Kibale Forest, which has over 1,500 individuals.

You’ll watch them swing through the trees, communicate with each other using expressive vocalizations, and display strikingly human-like behaviors.

7. African Leopard (Panthera pardus pardus)

Where to See Them: Queen Elizabeth National Park (especially Ishasha Sector), Murchison Falls

leopard in Murchison falls national park

While leopards are widespread across Africa, spotting one in Uganda’s Ishasha Sector is particularly memorable. Here, leopards are known to share the same fig trees where the famous tree-climbing lions also lounge.

Their stealth, beauty, and solitary nature make every sighting a moment of pure safari magic.

8. Tree-Climbing Lion (Panthera leo)

Where to See Them: Queen Elizabeth National Park – Ishasha Sector

unique wildlife species in Uganda

Though lions are common across Africa, the tree-climbing lions of Ishasha in Queen Elizabeth National Park are rare and unique. Few lions climb trees regularly, but here it’s a behavioral adaptation — possibly to escape tsetse flies or get a better view of prey.

Seeing a full-grown male lion lounging in a fig tree is a surreal and unforgettable experience.

9. Grey-Crowned Crane (Balearica regulorum)

Where to See Them: Wetlands, open grasslands, and savannahs countrywide

unique wildlife species in Uganda

Elegant, colorful, and deeply symbolic, the grey-crowned crane is Uganda’s national bird. Known for their elaborate courtship dances and golden “crown” of feathers, they are often seen in pairs or small flocks near water.

Their graceful movements and unique calls make them a photographer’s favorite.

10. African Forest Elephant (Loxodonta cyclotis)

Where to See Them: Semuliki National Park, Kibale Forest, Bwindi

Smaller and more elusive than their savannah cousins, African forest elephants inhabit Uganda’s dense, lowland rainforests. Although harder to spot, they play a crucial ecological role in seed dispersal and forest maintenance.

If you’re lucky, you may come across their trails or even see them crossing forest paths at dawn or dusk.

Celebrating Uganda’s Biodiversity

What makes Uganda stand out as a safari destination isn’t just the “Big Five” — it’s the country’s vast range of ecosystems and unique species. From rare birds and great apes to iconic big cats and antelope, every safari is a journey into one of the richest biodiversity hotspots in Africa.

At Ameera Africa Safaris, we offer expertly guided safaris and custom itineraries that let you experience these incredible animals in their natural habitats — responsibly and sustainably.

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